Awake Brain Tumor Resection: Unveiling the Benefits and Challenges

December 15th, 2025
By Reza J. Karimi, MD, FAANS, FACS

Many patients and their families have questions about brain tumor surgery, specifically technical aspects of the procedure, recovery times and outcomes. An increasingly common type of surgery is awake brain surgery, which allows surgeons to operate while the patient is both comfortable and alert. Let’s explore some frequently asked questions about this innovative procedure and unveil its benefits and challenges.

Benefits of an Awake Brain Surgery: Can You Be Awake During Brain Tumor Surgery?

Awake craniotomy is an advanced surgical procedure in which the patient is awake and alert during a portion of the surgery. This surgical method is particularly beneficial for brain tumors that are located in or near critical areas of the brain that control essential functions like speech and movement. The main benefit of the patient being awake during the operation is that it allows the surgical team to monitor the brain’s overall function in real time and allows the surgical team to make any necessary adjustments to help preserve critical brain functions.

Risks of an Awake Brain Surgery: Is Awake Brain Surgery Painful?

Although the idea of being awake during surgery sounds like it could be painful, one of the goals of awake brain surgery is to minimize a patient’s discomfort. To do this, surgeons will use local anesthesia to numb the scalp and surrounding areas to ensure that patients are not in any pain during the surgical procedure. As opposed to pain, most patients report pressure sensations, making the experience much more manageable.

It is important to note that “awake” surgery does not mean that medications are not administered or that an anesthesiologist is not present. Instead, during the exposure and closure of the surgery, the patient is fully asleep.

Are You Awake When They Remove a Brain Tumor?

The patient is conscious while the surgeon removes the tumor during an awake craniotomy. The patient’s alert state allows for immediate feedback on the neurological functions that may be affected in the brain, ensuring the procedure is both safe and effective.

When the surgeon is prepared to begin mapping and tumor resection, the patient slowly awakens to participate in language and recall exercises. Meanwhile, medications are continuously administered to reduce pain, anxiety, and nausea.

What Is the Success Rate of Awake Craniotomy?

Awake craniotomy has a strong success rate, particularly for tumors that are located near or in the areas of the brain that control vital functions like speech and movement. Since surgeons can communicate with the patient during the surgery, they can avoid critical regions of the brain, leading to greater outcomes and fewer complications.

It is important to note that several factors, including the tumor size, location, and the patient’s overall health, will influence the success rate of an awake craniotomy.

What Is Life Expectancy After Brain Tumor Surgery?

Life expectancy following brain tumor surgery varies significantly depending on several factors, including the patient’s overall health, the type of tumor, its grade (aggressiveness), its location, and the extent to which it can be removed. Some patients enjoy long-term survival, while others may face a more limited prognosis. Patients must have in-depth discussions with their healthcare providers to understand their specific situation.

What Is the Recovery Time for Awake Brain Surgery?

Recovery times will vary depending on the patient. Generally, most patients stay in the hospital for a few days following the surgical procedure. Post-surgical patients spend time in the intensive care unit after surgery and then spend roughly two to three days in the hospital. Meanwhile, full recovery varies from several weeks up to months.

Generally, patients are able to return to work and resume their normal activities within The patient will have follow-up appointments to monitor their recovery and address any potential complications during post-operative care.

Conclusion

Awake brain tumor surgery is an innovative surgical approach that provides unique benefits for certain patients. Taking the time to understand the surgical procedure, recovery, and potential benefits and challenges, helps demystify the patient’s experience.

Consult with a healthcare provider to learn more about what to expect and the options available to you.

Awake Brain Tumor Resection Treatment in New Jersey

Deciding to pursue awake brain tumor resection is a significant one. The experienced and innovative physicians at New Jersey Brain and Spine have helped patients for more than 25 years. We have treated more than 40,000 patients with complex spine and neurological conditions.

Please contact us to discuss your treatment options or to seek a second opinion on your medical diagnosis.

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