Disc Arthroplasty: What It Is and How it Benefits Patients 

Disc arthroplasty — also known as artificial disc replacement (ADR) — is a motion-preserving surgical procedure used to treat damaged or degenerated discs in the cervical spine (neck). 

In a healthy spine, discs act as cushions between the bones (vertebrae), allowing for smooth, flexible movement. But over time, factors such as aging, genetics, injury, or everyday wear and tear can cause discs to break down or herniate, leading to neck pain, stiffness, numbness, or weakness that can radiate into the shoulders and arms.

If conservative treatments like physical therapy and medication have not relieved your symptoms, you may be a candidate for disc arthroplasty. Ideal candidates often include younger, active individuals who do not have significant arthritis or bone loss. Common criteria include:

• A herniated or degenerative cervical disc
• Arm pain that is worse than neck pain
• Weakness or numbness in the arm or hand
• Little or no improvement with conservative care
• Healthy spinal joints (facet joints)

The Difference Between Disc Fusion and Disc Arthroplasty

When surgery is needed, there are two main options: spinal fusion and disc arthroplasty.

• Fusion involves joining two vertebrae together to stop movement at the problem area.
• Arthroplasty replaces the damaged disc with an artificial one, allowing for more natural motion.

Disc arthroplasty is often favored because it maintains movement in the spine and may reduce stress on nearby discs, potentially lowering the risk of future spinal problems. 

Research suggests that the benefits of disc arthroplasty is also maintained long term, with 7-year follow-up studies favoring artificial disc replacement over anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. In addition, 10-year outcomes data shows that the overall success rate is significantly higher for disc replacement (arthroplasty) than anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (81% versus 66%).

Recovery After Disc Arthroplasty

One of the advantages of disc arthroplasty is the minimally invasive approach, which leads to faster recovery and less disruption to daily life. Because there is no need to wait for the bone to fuse, this treatment permits quicker return to full activity. 

At New Jersey Brain and Spine, our neurosurgeons typically perform this outpatient procedure in a few hours, and many patients go home the same day.

• Most return to light activities within a week
• Full recovery usually takes 6 to 12 weeks
• Patients experience less pain, reduced muscle damage, and quicker healing than with traditional open surgery

Your recovery plan will be tailored to your goals and lifestyle, and our team will support you every step of the way.

Compared to traditional spine surgery techniques, arthroplasty has a relatively fast recovery time. The outpatient procedure means those who are operated on can return home the same day. 

What are the Disadvantages of Disc Arthroplasty?

All spine surgeries carry some risks, and it’s important to have a clear understanding of them. While disc arthroplasty offers many benefits, potential risks include:

• Nerve or tissue injury during surgery

• Implant positioning challenges

• Long-term implant wear or rare mechanical failure

However, recent studies show that patients who undergo disc arthroplasty are about half as likely to need revision surgery compared to those who undergo spinal fusion.

Choosing a highly experienced surgical team—like the board-certified neurosurgeons at New Jersey Brain and Spine—helps minimize risk and improves the likelihood of a safe and successful outcome.

Case Study: A Patient Successfully Treated with Disc Arthroplasty 

Michael, a 42-year-old construction manager and cyclist, struggled with neck pain and arm tingling that disrupted his work and hobbies. After trying physical therapy and injections with little relief, he came to New Jersey Brain and Spine.

An MRI showed a herniated disc at C5-C6 pressing on a nerve. Rather than fusion, his neurosurgeon recommended cervical disc arthroplasty to replace the damaged disc with an artificial one.

Michael had the procedure and was walking the same day. Within weeks, his pain was gone, and by three months, he was back to full activity. 

Compassionate, Expert Care at New Jersey Brain and Spine

At New Jersey Brain and Spine, we understand how spine problems can impact every part of your life. Our neurosurgeons are among the most experienced in the region — and top-ranked nationally — and are committed to delivering personalized, patient-centered care that prioritizes your health, function, and quality of life.

If you’re experiencing neck pain, arm weakness, or numbness, don’t wait. The comprehensive spine experts at New Jersey Brain and Spine are here to help you explore your options. Contact us today to schedule a consultation.