Spasticity

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Spasticity is caused by an increase in muscular tone resulting in stiffness of the muscles and a restriction of movement. Patients may develop pain, permanent contraction of the muscles and alterations in posture. Often, quality of life is impacted substantially due to these symptoms. Spasticity usually develops in patients with spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis or stroke. Treatment may involve a regimen of medication, exercise and physical therapy, and may be supplemented by botulinum toxin injection or surgery. Surgical treatments may include relaxation of muscles by release of tendons, implantation of a baclofen pump or cutting nerve fibers (selective dorsal rhizotomy)

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Spasticity

What conditions cause spasticity?

Spasticity can result from conditions that affect the brain or spinal cord, including stroke, spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, and traumatic brain injury.

How is spasticity treated?

Treatment depends on the severity and underlying cause of spasticity and may include physical or occupational therapy, stretching and exercise, medications, botulinum toxin injections, or, in selected cases, surgical treatment.

What procedures are available for severe spasticity?

For severe spasticity that does not respond adequately to conservative treatment, options may include implantation of an intrathecal baclofen pump or selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR), a procedure that selectively cuts certain sensory nerve rootlets contributing to abnormal muscle tightness. Orthopedic procedures, such as tendon lengthening, may also be considered in some patients.

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