Cerebral/Spinal Angiography: Procedure, Recovery & Benefits

What is a cerebral angiogram?

Angiography is the most reliable and sensitive diagnostic test for the detection and clarification of the anatomy of brain aneurysms, AVM and other cranial or spinal vascular lesions. This procedure requires needle access to the main artery of the leg (femoral artery) and on rare occasions the arm (brachial artery) to guide a small diameter catheter to the blood vessels supplying the brain and spinal cord. From this access point, neuroendovascular surgeons inject a dye that is detectable by x-ray and is demonstrated by a device called a fluoroscope. A cerebral angiogram is more accurate than CT angiography (CTA) or MR angiography (MRA) in assessing the presence of or anatomy of vascular lesions. The benefit of the information offered by cerebral angiography counterbalances the low potential risk of stroke, death and bleeding from catheter access site that has been described in association with this procedure.

Angiography may be used as a diagnostic procedure alone or as a means to offer treatment. Over the past 20 years, there has been profound advancements in the development of endovascular device technology. Angiographic techniques are now applied for the treatment of vascular malformations, aneurysms, for the precise application of medications, to restore normal cerebral blood flow and to diminish the blood supply to tumors.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Cerebral/Spinal Angiography

Why is a cerebral angiogram considered the gold standard for vascular lesions?

It offers more detailed and accurate visualization of brain and spinal blood vessels than CT angiography (CTA) or MR angiography (MRA), making it the most reliable test for confirming the anatomy of aneurysms, AVMs, and other vascular lesions.

What are the risks of a cerebral angiogram?

As with any catheter-based procedure, there is a low potential risk of stroke, bleeding at the access site, or other complications, which is weighed against the diagnostic value the procedure provides.

Can angiography be used to treat conditions, not just diagnose them?

Yes. Beyond diagnosis, angiographic techniques are now used to treat vascular malformations and aneurysms, deliver medication with precision, and restore normal blood flow.